2In a large bowl, beat the 12 egg yolks and 1 whole egg until the mixture is pale, fluffy, and doubled in volume (about 5-8 minutes).
3Reduce the mixer speed and add 40g sugar and 1 teaspoon vanilla extract. Mix for 1 more minute.
4Sift together 2 tablespoons flour, 7.5 tablespoons cornstarch, and a pinch of salt. Gently fold into the egg mixture with soft, enveloping movements.
5Prepare cupcake molds and fill each up to 3/4 of their capacity with the batter.
6Bake for 15 minutes at 180°C (350°F) until set and lightly golden.
7While baking, prepare the syrup: In a saucepan, combine 1 cup water, 1 cup sugar, 1 cinnamon stick, 1 strip lemon peel, and 0.5 teaspoon vanilla extract (optional). Add 1 star anise and 2 tablespoons rum if desired.
8Bring the syrup to a boil over high heat and cook for 10 minutes. Remove from heat and let it rest for a few minutes.
9Once the cupcakes are baked, remove from molds and place on a serving plate.
10Pour the warm syrup over the cupcakes before serving.